Home 
Contact 
Profile 
Videos 
Presented at the Fiqh Ibadah Training for IIUMMC Top Management held at Kuantan, Malaysia on 31 Jan. - 01 Feb 2020 by Prof OHK MB ChB (MUK), MPH (Harvard), DrPH (Harvard) Prof of Epidemiology and Bioethics King Fahad Medical City
ESSENCE OF LEADERSHIP
• Leadership is essential for success 3 on a journey must designate a leader.
• عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: إِذَا خَرَجَ ثَلَاثَةٌ فِي سَفَرٍ فَلْيُؤَمِّرُوا أَحَدَهُمْ. رواه أبو داود (2708)
• Everybody is a leader. (kullukum raai Muslim 3:1017 Ch 758 Haqdith 4496).
• عن عبد الله بن عمر رضي الله عنهما عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: (أَلَا كُلُّكُمْ رَاعٍ، وَكُلُّكُمْ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ، فَالْأَمِيرُ الَّذِي عَلَى النَّاسِ رَاعٍ، وَهُوَ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ، وَالرَّجُلُ رَاععٍ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ، وَهُوَ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْهُمْ، وَالْمَرْأَةُ رَاعِيَةٌ عَلَى بَيْتِ بَعْلِهَا وَوَلَدِهِ، وَهِيَ مَسْئُولَةٌ عَنْهُمْ، وَالْعَبْدُ رَاعٍ عَلَى مَالِ سَيِّدِهِ وَهُوَ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْهُ، أَلَا فَكُلُّكُمْ رَاعٍ، وَكُلُّكُمْ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ) متفق عليه.
• A good leader must also be a good follower.
• "أنا لا أقاتل من أجل عمر، وإنما أقاتل لإرضاء ربّ عمر".
• Leadership is a trial (ibtila Ibrahim) 2:124.
• وَإِذِ ابْتَلَىٰ إِبْرَاهِيمَ رَبُّهُ بِكَلِمَاتٍ فَأَتَمَّهُنَّ ۖ قَالَ إِنِّي جَاعِلُكَ لِلنَّاسِ إِمَامًا ۖ
• True leadership is more service than domination (sayyid al qawm khaadimuhum).
• سيد القوم خادمهم
• No personal ambition for leadership Abd Rahman buin Samurah Abu Daud 2:827 Ch 1090 hadith 2923).
• لا تسأل الإمارة، فإنَّك إن أُعطيتَها عن مسألةٍ وُكِلْتَ إليها، وإن أُعطيتَها عن غير مسألةٍ أُعِنْتَ عليها، قال ﷺ لعبد الرحمن بن سمرة:
LEADERSHIP and FOLLOWERSHIP
• Leadership is situational it depends on both the leader and the followers.
• Leadership succeeds by influencing and not forcing followers to move in a certain direction. Good followers automatically follow good leaders without force or compulsion.
• Leaders pull and not push they step ahead and are followed.
• Leadership in wrong hands is a disaster (amanat li ghair ahliha.. Bukhari 1:50-51 hadith 56).
• عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: ((إذا ضيعت الأمانة فانتظر الساعة. قال: كيف إضاعتها يا رسول الله؟ قال: إذا أسند الأمر إلى غير أهله فانتظر الساعة)). (1) .Bukhari 59
• Leadership power Sulaiman Qur'an Surat al Naml 27:15-44.
GOOD LEADER
• Leadership is character and integrity
• Good leaders empower their followers.
• A leader has credibility, walks the talk. Example of Omar family and Muslims
• Leader must be strong Qur’an 28:26
• قَالَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا يَا أَبَتِ اسْتَأْجِرْهُ ۖ إِنَّ خَيْرَ مَنِ اسْتَأْجَرْتَ الْقَوِيُّ الْأَمِين
• There are 2 types of leadership power: personal and positional. A good leader knows how to balance them according to the situation.
• Balance and equilibrium of a leader Omar qawiyyu minn ghair unf…
• إن هذا الأمر لا يحمله إلا اللين في غير ضعف والقوي في غير عنف والجواد في غير سرف والممسك في غير بخل
• Gradual in getting compliance Muadh Ibn Jabal to Yaman (Bukhari and Muslim)
• إنك ستأتي قوماً أهل كتاب، فإذ جئتهم فادعهم إلى أن يشهدوا أن لا إله إلا الله وأن محمدا رسول الله، فإن هم أطاعوا لك بذلك فأخبرهم أن الله فرض عليهم خمس صلوات في كل يوم وليلة، فإن هم أطاعوا لك بذلك فأخبرهم أن الله فرض عليهم صدقة تؤخذ من أغنيائهم فترد على فقرائهم، فإن هم أطاعوا لك بذلك فإياك وكرائم أموالهم، واتق دعوة المظلوم فإنه ليس بينها وبين الله حجاب.
GOOD FOLLOWER
• The quality of followers determines the success of leadership (ijalina li al muttaqiin imaaman). Furqan; 74
• وَالَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا هَبْ لَنَا مِنْ أَزْوَاجِنَا وَذُرِّيَّاتِنَا قُرَّةَ أَعْيُنٍ وَاجْعَلْنَا لِلْمُتَّقِينَ إِمَامًا
• The way of the followers is the way of the leaders (kama takuunuu yuwalla alaikum)
LEADER DISEASES
• Pride fakhr takabbur
• Vanity ghuruur
• Uncompensated weaknesses: Abubakar anta aqwa minni Omar anta afdhal minni
• Excessive veneration: tabjiil
• Oppression: dhulm idhtihaad
• Petty-mindedness: dhaiuq al ufuq
• Manipulation: talaaub
• Seeking false reputation: aal imraan 188
• لَا تَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ يَفْرَحُونَ بِمَا أَتَوا وَّيُحِبُّونَ أَن يُحْمَدُوا بِمَا لَمْ يَفْعَلُوا فَلَا تَحْسَبَنَّهُم بِمَفَازَةٍ مِّنَ الْعَذَابِ ۖ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ (188)
• Abandoning followers:
• Unequal treatment of followers: ittaq aklkah qa aadiluu bauna awklladdikum bukhari 2587
• فاتقوا الله واعدلوا بين أولادكم"
• Ignorant leaders misguide: "Narrated Abdullah b Amr bin Al As dhallu wa adhalluu.. Bukhari 1:80, hadith # 100
• قُلْ يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ لَا تَغْلُوا فِي دِينِكُمْ غَيْرَ الْحَقِّ وَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا أَهْوَاءَ قَوْمٍ قَدْ ضَلُّوا مِن قَبْلُ وَأَضَلُّوا كَثِيرًا وَضَلُّوا عَن سَوَاءِ السَّبِيلِ Maida 77
• petty-mindedness: "Jabir b Abdullah petty mindedness destroyed tho who were before you. Muslim 4: 1366, Chapter 1065, Hadith # 624
• Not inspirational "Abu Huraira man qaala halaka al naas fahuwa aqhlakuhukm. Muslim 3: 1382, Chapter 1091, Hadith # 6352
• ورد عن رسول الله -صلّى الله عليه وسلّم- أنّه قال: (إذا قال الرَّجلُ: هلك النَّاسُ، فهو أهلكُهم)،[٢[ muslim2623أ
Leader who deceives followers: "Narrated Mail: leader deceives. Bukhari 9:197, hadith # 265
• Searching for follower faults: "Jubair b. Nufair, Kathir b. Murrah, Amr b. al-Aswad, Miqdam b. Madikarib, and Abu Umamah reported the Prophet ( may peace be upon him ) as saying: When a ruler seeks to make imputations against the people, he corrupts them" Abu Daud 3:1362, Chapter 1752, Hadith # 4870
• Seeking follower faults Abu Daud 3:1362, Chapter 1752, Hadith # 4870.
FOLLOWER DISEASES
• Disobedient follower Banu ~israil 2:51-56, 5:22-29, 7:148-156, 7:159-162). Disobedience leads to chaos and breakdown. al samau wa al taa
• Hypocrisy: say something in front of the leader and the opposite when away from him. Outward loyalty while plotting against the leader in the back al nifaaq1
• Insincerity: dishonesty and lies ton the leader; doing selfish things that hurt the group anaaniyyat
• bad advice to leader: give advice to a leader that they know is bad either for some selfish personal gain, or to hurt someone else, or to hurt the leader by making him commit mistakes. Bitaanat al khair wa bitaanat al suu mBukhari 7198, 6611
• disloyalty, khiyaanat, khadhuula
• excessive veneration of the leader: pandering to his ego and showing him excessive veneration. When all of this gets to his head he may start behaving like a dictator, develop vanity and pride and eventually fail in leadership la tarfauuniu fawqa qadri
CAUSES OF LEADERSHIP FAILURE
• Refusal to admit mistakes and blaming them on others
• Belief of the leader that he is indispensable and behaving as a dictator
• Fear for position and neglecting training or developing replacements
• Disloyalty to superiors, peers, followers and the organization
• Lack of creativity: hating new ideas, persisting in unproductive but tested ways, and being too bureaucratic
• Lack of common sense, being away from reality and being theoretical
• Lack of human skills and handling followers well and equitably
• Lack of a sense of bottom-line that you have to produce results
• Failure to lead and following the crowd
• Condoning or tolerating incompetence
• Failure to recognize and reward good work (l) followers hating the leader.
CASE STUDY: LEADERSHIP AND FOLLOWERSHIP AT UHUD
• Al bujhari kitab ak maghaazi bab ghazwat uhud
• Consultation to fight inside Madinah or go out
• Refusal to ask Jewish allies for help
CASE STUDY: LEADERSHIP AND FOLLOWERSHIP AT HUDAYBIYAH
• Muslims did not shave to end umra. Umm Salamah advised the prophet to do it then all followed
TAKE-HOME LESSON
• Leaders through influence articulate the vision create the culture
• Followers follow the culture automatically
• Minimum regulations to allow creativity in approaching problems
• No blame culture