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Professor Omar Hasan Kasule Sr.
Faculty of Medicine
26th May 2010
1.0 STEPS OF A RESEARCH PROJECT
1.1 The Research Problem: analysis & statement
1.2 Literature review
1.3 Research Objectives: General and Specific
1.4 Research Methodology
1.5 Work plan / implementation plan
1.6 Budget: preparation and negotiation
2.0 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
2.1 What are the major categories of a budget?
2.2 Making realistic estimates of costs
2.3 Finalizing the budget document
3.0 THE BUDGET: WHY?
3.1 No budget = no funding
3.2 No funding = no research;
3.3 Financial considerations affect study design and
study implementation
4.0 THE BUDGET: WHEN?
4.1 Pre-fixed budget caps: just fill in gaps
4.2 Budget as you design the study = do not bite more than you can chew
5.0 CATEGORIES OF THE BUDGET – PERSONNEL COSTS
5.1 Project Leader
5.2 Researchers
5.3 Contract Staff
5.4 Support Staff
6.0 CATEGORIES OF THE BUDGET – DIRECT COSTS
6.1 Travel and transportation
6.2 Rentals
6.3 Research materials and supplies
6.4 Minor modifications and repairs
6.5 Special services
6.6 Special equipment, accessories
7.0 PERSONNEL COSTS ESTIMATES WORKSHEET
Role in Project | Total | Project Leader | Researchers | Contract Staff | Support Staff |
Daily Rate (SAR) | 100 | 100 | 30 | 30 | |
Research Activities | Man-Days1 | ||||
Literature review: 1 month Preparation of the protocol Data collection: | 30 50 750 | 25 40 100 | 5 5 500 | 0 2 100 | 0 3 50 |
Total Year 1 Man-days | 830 | 165 | 510 | 102 | 53 |
Total Year 1 Cost (SAR)2 | 72,150 | 16,500 | 51,000 | 3,060 | 1,590 |
Data collection Analysis of data – 3 months Final research report: 2 months Presentation of research findings | 600 100 30 10 | 80 30 20 10 | 400 60 5 0 | 80 0 0 0 | 40 10 5 0 |
Total Year 2 Man-days | 740 | 140 | 465 | 80 | 55 |
Total Year 2 Cost (SAR)2 | 64,550 | 14,000 | 46,500 | 2,400 | 1,650 |
Total Project Man-days | 1,570 | 305 | 975 | 182 | 108 |
Total Project Staff Cost (SAR) | 136,700 | 30,500 | 97,500 | 5,464 | 3,240 |
Total Man-months3 | 60.4 | 11.7 | 37.5 | 7.0 | 4.2 |
Notes
1. For each research activity, estimate the man-days required by each staff category.
2. Compute the staff cost for each year by multiplying the total man-day by the daily rate of the corresponding staff category. For daily rate computation, refer to the Guidelines.
3. Compute the total man-months required for the project by dividing the total project man-days by 24.
Numbers in parentheses are expense codes as shown in Form VII.
8.0 Direct Expenses Estimation Worksheet
Expense Categories and Items | Total SAR | Year 1 SAR | Year 2 SAR | Year 3 SAR |
Travel and transportation | ||||
1 2 3 | ||||
Rentals | ||||
1 2 3 | ||||
Research materials and supplies | ||||
Laboratory reagents and supplies | ||||
Minor modifications and repairs | ||||
1 2 3 | ||||
Special services | ||||
1 2 3 | ||||
Special equipment, accessories | ||||
1 2 3 | ||||
Total direct expenses |
9.0 TIPS ON BUDGETS
9.1 Follow the format of the donor even illogical
9.2 Include a contingent of 5-10% or overbudget
9.3 Minimize detailed itemization for flexibility
9.4 Allow for the inflation factor
9.5 Justify every amount by showing the details
10.0 LOOKING FOR RESEARCH FUNDING
10.1 Start by having ideas for research
10.2 Find out what funding agencies want
10.3 Modify your ideas to suit funding agencies
10.4 Follow application procedures
10.5 Find a mentor
10.6 Capitalize on your research experience or partner with an experienced researcher
TITLE: EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING RELIGIOUS MEDIA TO CHANGE KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND PRACTICES (KAP) WITH REGARD TO CANCER PREVENTION AMONG STUDENTS AND YOUTHS
1.0 SCOPE
1.1 Research Scope:
The research project will cover a pre and post intervention questionnaire survey of knowledge, attitudes, and practices with regard to cancer prevention. Intervention will be providing health education on cancer prevention using religious media (sermons and/or written material).
1.2 Research subjects:
The study will be carried out on a stratified random sample of UBD first year undergraduate students and/or first year nursing students.
2.0 OBJECTIVES
2.1 Baseline survey:
To determine baseline KAP parameters on cancer prevention among the study subjects.
2.2 Evaluation of Intervention:
To determine the impact of using religious media in health education on change in KAP parameters in a period of 6 months.
2.3 Policy recommendations:
To use the results of the research to recommend to the Ministry of Health and Islamically-based health education interventions targeted at youths.
3.0 METHODOLOGY
3.1 Questionnaire Design
A questionnaire will be designed and pilot tested on a group of 20-30 second year students who will later not be part of the study. The questionnaire will consist of the following sections:
(a) Socio-demographic background & potential confounders
(b) Sources of knowledge on cancer
(c) Knowledge of cancer symptoms and signs
(d) Knowledge of cancer detection methods
(e) Knowledge of cancer treatment methods
(f) Knowledge of cancer risk factors
(g) Knowledge of cancer prevention methods
(h) Attitude to cancer detection and prevention
(i) Health-related life-style practices like diet and smoking
(j) Health-seeking behavior like annual physical examinations
The researcher has had experience since 1997 in designing and using such questionnaires
3.2 Study sample selection
A stratified random sample will be selected with the aid of the student data-base. The aim will be selected to select an equal number of male and first-year female students stratified by faculty of study with the proportion if each faculty in the study sample reflecting the size of that faculty relative to the total student population.
The aim will be to recruit a total of 1500 students in the study.
An introductory letter about the study will be sent to each student. It will provide sufficient information about the study necessary for obtaining informed consent.
3.3 Recruitment and training of research assistants
Second year medical and nursing students will be recruited as study workers. They will be briefed about the study and will be trained on aspects of questionnaire administration and data management.
3.3 Baseline KAP survey
A baseline questionnaire will be mailed to all members of the study sample with a request to complete and return the questionnaire. Because of the expected low response to mailed questionnaires, research assistants will follow up by contacting the respondents and encouraging them to complete the questionnaire. Participants who complete the questionnaire will be given a pen as a token of appreciation.
3.4 Intervention
Standard health education material on cancer prevention will be prepared by the principal investigator using background material from the Ministry of Health. He will also include the Islamic Input in the material. A workshop will be held including officials from the Ministry of Health and the Office of the State Mufti tom review the material and approve it.
Health education workshops will be held for small groups of the participants. Presentations will be made by religious leaders based on material prepared beforehand. Written material will also be provided. Additional workshops will be held for students of other faiths (Buddhists, Hindus, and Christians) with respective religious leaders also making presentations.
3.5 Post intervention KAP survey
A second KAP survey questionnaire will be sent 3 months after the intervention.
3.6 Data Management
Data will be key punched and validated using the SPSS package. Attempts will be made to follow up with study participants to obtain missing information.
3.6 Data Analysis
Frequency cross tabulations will be made to identify significant bivariate relations. Significant associations will be based on the McNemar chisquare for paired data. Then conditional multiple logistic regression models will be built to study the relation between the intervention and the change in KAP while controlling for confounding variables identified from the 2 x 2 cross tabulations. Final results will be reported as odds ratios with 95 % confidence intervals.
3.7 Report
Two types of report will be written. A technical report with extensive tabulations will be prepared for the Ministry of Health to enable them use the data in health education planning. An academic paper will also be prepared for publication in the International Journal of Medicine.
TIME FRAME
October 23, 2006 Submit Research Grant Application
December 2006 Prepare the research questionnaire
January 2007 Pilot test the questionnaire
February 2007 Recruit study subjects
April 2007 Administer the baseline KAP questionnaire
June –July 2007 Health education intervention
August – December 2007 Data management
January – March 2008 Data analysis
April-May 2008 Report writing
ESTIMATED FUNDING
Budget Item | Explanation | Amount SAR |
Questionnaires | 1500 qns x 2 times x 10 pages each x 0.03/page | 900.00 |
Health Education material | 1500 pamphlets @ 5 pages at BND5 per pamphlet | 7500.00 |
Health Education Consultants - | 50 person-hours preparing material and participating in workshops at BND24/hr | 1200.00 |
Islamic Input Consultants | 75 person-hours preparing material and delivering talks during intervention at BND13/hr | 975.00 |
Res. Assistants Data collection | 1000 person-hours questionnaire administration and follow-up at BND13/hr | 13000.00 |
Res Assistants: Data management | 1000 person-hours (each of 3000 questionnaires requires 0.3 hours) at BND13/hr | 13000.00 |
Res Asistants: Data Analysis | 200 person-hours running analysis programs at BND13/hr | 2600.00 |
Res Assistants | 50 person-hours looking up references and wordprocessing at BND13/hr | 650.00 |
National seminar to disseminate results | Refreshments for 100 participants for 1 day at BND 10/person + printing seminar material at BND 1.50/person | 1150.00 |
Clerical Assistance | 50 person-hours at BND6/hr | 300.00 |
TOTAL | 41,275.00 |
EXPECTED BENEFITS
The results of the project will have immediate practical benefits for the national cancer prevention programs. It will provide reliable basic data on KAP among youths (future adult cancer victims) and will also evaluate the religious medium that has so far not been used in cancer prevention in a systematic and extensive way
MICRO-NUTRIENT BIOMARKER EVALUATION IN BRUNEIAN SENIOR CITIZENS WITH VIEW TO SUPPORT FORMULATION OF A POLICY ON CANCER CHEMOPREVENTION
ITEM | DESCRIPTION | COST |
Research Assistants for data collection | 0.2 day/subject x 500 subjects x BND130/day | 13,000 |
Supplies for sample collection | 3 sets/subject x 500 subjects x BND20 = | 3,000 |
Costs of laboratory analysis | 3 analyses x 500 subjects x BND200 = | 30,500 |
Cost of printing questionnaire | 50 questionnaires x 20 pages x 0.2 BND/page | 200 |
Transport within | 50 trips x BND20/trip | 1,000 |
TOTAL |
THE KUANTAN LOW BIRTH-WEIGHT PROJECT (KLBW)
ITEM | AMOUNT (RM) | JUSTIFICATION |
A. PERSONNEL | ||
1. Study Manager 2 Medical Officer 2 Secretaries/Data Entry 2 Field Research Assistants 1 Driver 2 Lab. Technicians | 4,000.00 37,500.00 6,600.00 24,000.00 3,000.00 1,500.00 75,400.00 | RM1,000/mo x 12 mo ÷ 3 projects RM25/exam x 1500 exams RM800/mo x 2 x 12 mon ÷ 3 projects RM1000/mo x 2 x 12 mon RM500/mo x 12mo ÷ 3 projects RM1/case x 1500 cases |
B EQUIPMENT 2 Rent computer and printer 2 Examination rooms equipment 1 SAS software licence 2 Fridge for specimen storage 1 Office furniture 1 Fax machine 10 Telephones 2 | 3,600.00 2,000.00 2,000.00 800.00 1,000.00 500.00 400.00 500.00 10,900.00 | RM300/mo x 12 mo RM1000/room RM6000 ÷ 3 projects RM400 each fridge (small) RM3000 ÷ 3 projects RM1500 ÷ 3 projects office systems RM1200 ÷ 3 projects |
TOTAL | ||