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Omar Hasan Kasule Sr.
INTRODUCTION: READING THE 2 BOOKS…1
- The purpose of this workshop is to discuss the Islamic epistemological perspective of basic medical sciences.
- Signs of the Creator, ayat al allah, from the book of empirical scientific observation, kitaab al kawn
- Signs of the Creator from the book of revelation, kitaab al wahy.
- synthesis of reading the two books together, al jam'u bayna al qira atain, which will be the summit of knowledge, understanding, and wisdom
SCOPE OF THE WORKSHOP
- perfection, optimality, and incomparability of Allah's creation in anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry
- Phenomena of control in anatomy, physiology, biochemistry as manifestations of underlying laws and integration of the organism
- homeostasis as a manifestation of the concepts of mizan, wasatiyah, tadhafu’u, and e’itidaal and interaction with the environment.
- A follow up workshop will discuss each of the organ systems to complete the picture.
CONCEPTS ABOUT CREATION…1
- Allah’s creation is perfect. Allah is the best creator, ahsan al khaliqin
- Allah perfected everything He made, kamal al khalq
- Humans made in the best image, ahsan suurat
- 4 stages of perfection:. creation, khalq; making due proportions, taswiyat; balancing, ta‘adil; and making the best image, taswiir.
- The biological perfection was created and not evolved.
- All what Allah created has a purpose.
- Order, nidhaam; harmony; and perfection, kamaal, are part of pre-determination, qadar, and are not accidental.
CONCEPTS ABOUT CREATION…2
- Science leads to iman: perfection and harmony could not arise by chance
- The constant physical laws, sunan al kawn
- Every human is unique and is different from everybody else
- Biological systems are optimal.
- Change is governed by natural laws, sunan llah
- Balance between constancy and change.
- The Qur’an challenged humans and other creations to create the like of Allah’s creation and proved them incapable of facing the challenge
- Cloning, genetic engineering, and selective breeding are not de novo creations and can not be compared to Allah’s creations.
- No human or any other being can create new life, ‘ajz al shuraka ‘an al khalq.
- Human actions are imperfect.
MANIFESTATIONS OF PERFECTION / ORDER IN ANATOMY
- parity, al zawjiyat, is a general phenomenon in biology
- parity of gender
- parity of organs
- symmetry, both circular and lateral symmetry
- laterality of left and right
- adaptation of structure to function
- consistency and predictability
- orderly change (staged, anticipated, and protective measures against mistakes).
MANIFESTATIONS OF PERFECTION / ORDER IN PHYSIOLOGY and BIOCHEMISTRY…1
- the human organism functioning as a single entity
- correlation between structure and function
- repeatability / replicability
- specificity, specialization
- complementality and co-operation
- a hierarchy of importance
- information processing / perception
- reserve capacity in organs, and compensation for overload.
MANIFESTATIONS OF PERFECTION / ORDER IN PHYSIOLOGY and BIOCHEMISTRY…2
- The complex human organism has few basic building blocks: amino acids, monosacharides, and fatty acids.
- the periodic table of elements is one of the strong indicators that there is order in the universe.
- Metabolism of new synthetic molecules is a miracle of creation
MANIFESTATIONS IN BIOSTATISTICS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY
- consistency & predictability
- inference and causality
- probability.
PHENOMENA OF CONTROL
- Control in anatomy: DNA
- Control in physiology, biochemistry: balance
THE QUR'ANIC CONCEPTS OF THE GOLDEN MEAN
- The concept of mizan refers to balance
- The concept of wasatiyyat refers to the center
- Concept of tadafu’u refers to action and reaction
- The concept of i’itidal refers to equilibrium.
- Feedback: positive and negative
- Tauhid as the integrating paradigm
HOMEOSTASIS
- Cardio-vascular homeostatasis:
- Renal excretory homeostatasis:
- Respiratory homeostasis
- GIT homeostasis
INTERACTION WITH THE ENVIRONMENT
- The interaction between the internal and external environments is purposive and is not a product of chance
- The nervous and endocrine systems ensure that the human body can adjust to rapidly changing circumstances of the external environment
- The interaction between humans and their external and internal environments
- The universe was placed under the humans, taskhir
- Human misuse of the privileges of taskhir
TYPES OF ENVIRONMENTS
- The physical environment
- The biological environment
- The microbiological environment
- The chemical environment
- Correct and balanced interaction with the environment follows sunan