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Background material by Professor Omar Hasan Kasule Sr. for Year 3 Semester 1 Med PPSD session on 29th October 2008
ACUTE ABDOMEN:
The following are common causes of the clinical syndrome called acute abdomen: acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, perforated peptic ulcer, pancreatitis, diverticulitis, and PID. These are serious conditions that require emergency treatment.
The patients are immediately excused from the obligation of fasting until full recovery.
Salat can be performed as much as their physical condition allows.
Acute intestinal obstruction causes vomiting and exempts from fasting because of the need to replace fluids and electrolytes. Hajj is not possible.
Movements in salat will increase the pain of appendicitis. Patient is exempted from saum while being treated.
LOWER GIT BLEEDING
Fresh bleeding from hemorrhoids and anal lesions does not nullify wudhu but must be washed away immediately and before salat commences.
CONSTIPATION
Relief of constipation by enema nullifies wudhu. Enema and suppositories nullify saum.
DISEASES OF THE COLON
The common diseases of the large intestine are: diverticula, volvulus, ulcerative colitis, and chron's disease. They interfere directly with fasting if they are associated with vomiting which voids fasting. Continuous diarrhoea may make the maintenance of wudhu difficult.
CONDITIONS OF THE ANUS
The common conditions of the anus are hemorrhoids and anal fissure that are associated with bleeding and pain. Wudhu will have to be made immediately before the salat and for that salat only. It has to be repeated for every salat. Care must be taken during defecation not to cause undue pain in case of anal fissures. Salat may not be a problem but travel for hajj may be difficult.
In cases of anal incontinence, wudhu is made immediately before each prayer.