1006P- PROPOSED LEARNING OBJECTIVES FOR THE ISLAMIC INPUT CURRICULUM: ARRANGED IN CHRONOLOIGICAL ORDER

PROPOSED LEARNING OBJECTIVES FOR THE ISLAMIC INPUT CURRICULUM: ARRANGED IN CHRONOLOIGICAL ORDER

•Dr Omar Hasan Kasule MB ChB (MUK), MPH (Harvard), DrPH (Harvard) Professor of Epidemiology and Bioethics Faculty of Medicine King Fahd Medical City Riyadh EM omarkasule@yahoo.com. WEB http://omarkasule.tripod.com/

•1.0 CONCEPTUAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL BACKGROUND: religious background

•LOB1. Explain the academic definition of religion based on: an object of worship, a prophet,

theology, scriptures, doctrines & dogmas, rites, rituals, & ceremonies, icons or symbols,

holidays, ethics and social teachings

•LOB2. Explain why understanding the patient’s religious beliefs is important in medical

practice.

•LOB3. Discuss how specific religious concepts relate to medicine: excellence / quality, ihsan;

monotheism, tauhid;, messengers and messages, risaalat;, eschatology, aakhirat; sinning,

ithm; and transgression, dhulm.

•LOB4. Explain how a patient’s understanding of re-determinism: qadar / taqdiir affects health-

related behavior with reference to beliefs about human will, human responsibility and

accountability for actions / choices, human rights and limits to individual freedom, disease

(causation, prevention, and treatment), health promotion, and reconciliation between pre-

determination and probability theory].

•LOB5. Explain dogmas with medical implications in Buddhism and Hinduism, Confucianism

and Taoism, Christianity and Judaism.

•CONCEPTUAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL BACKGROUND: HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

•LOB1: explain the terms viscegerancy,   exploitation of natural resources (taskhiir), and

building a physical civilization (omraan) and how they relate to health promotion, disease

prevention, and environmental protection

•LOB2: Explain how nutrition, health, and disease affect the rise and fall of civilizations.

•LOB3: List the main achievements of ancient Egyptian, Mesopotamian, Indian, Chinese,

Greek, and Roman medicine

•LOB4: Describe the concept Islamic medicine and explain how it has been misunderstood

•LOB5: Describe Prophetic medicines: definition, sources, classification, examples, modern

applications

•LOB6: Describe the main forms of European traditional medicine]. Chinese TCM (theory and

philosophy, history, diagnostic techniques, treatments, efficacy and safety, modernization

•LOB7: Describe Chinese TCM: theory and philosophy, history, diagnostic techniques,

treatments, efficacy and safety, modernization

•LOB8: Describe Ayurdevic TCM: history, diagnosis, treatments, present status, scientific

study

•LOB9: Describe Unani TCM: historical background, humors, present status

•LOB10: Briefly outline the history of modern medicine from the renaissance to the modern

period

•LOB11: List the advantages and disadvantages of medical practice based solely on the

biomedical model.

•PROFESSIONALISM and PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

•LOB12 describe the etiquette of the teachers and the etiquette of the student in a health

education setting

•LOB13: Describe effective time management with focus on planning, prioritization, and

balance

•LOB14: Describe effective methods of following group study

•LOB15: describe the advantages and techniques of speed reading

•LOB16: Describe factors of successful teamwork

•LOB17: Explain effective approaches to motivating a medical student

•LOB18: List causes of student stress and explain methods of preventing / dealing with stress.

•LOB19: Describe guidelines on plagiarism.

•CONCEPTUAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL BACKGROUND: EPISTEMOLOGY

•LOB1: Briefly describe the philosophy, nature, history, sources, classification, and limitations

of human knowledge

•LOB2: Describe the intellectual crisis created by the dichotomy between European and

traditional sources of knowledge

•LOB3: Describe the empirical scientific method: definition, strengths, weaknesses

•LOB4: What is your view about the possibility of integration of European and traditional

knowledge in the medical field: give reasons for your view.

•PROFESSIONALISM and PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT: INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT

•LOB5: Discuss the nature of medical education: purpose, integration, balance, service, and

leadership).

•LOB6: List physician rights: renumeration, professional independence, continuing medical

education, refusal to undertake unethical procedures

•LOB7: Discuss physician responsibilities: to self and family, to society, and to science.

•ETHICO-LEGAL-FIQH CONCEPTS & PRINCIPLES: BASICS OF LAWS

•LOB1: List the sources of Islamic Law: Qur’an, sunnat, ijma, qiyaas

•LOB2: List sources of European Law: statute and common law

•LOB3: List the 5 purposes of the Law: morality (din), life, progeny, intellect, and

property /resources

•LOB4: List the 5 principles of the Law: intention, certainty, injury, hardship, custom

•LOB5: Define the various types of legal rulings

•LOB6: Discuss the relation of ethics to law: the Islamic vs European perspectives

•BASICS OF LAWS: The national civil and criminal justice system

•LOB1: Describe the sources of law.

•LOB2: Describe the types of courts and their respective jurisdictions

•LOB3: Describe the relation between civil and criminal procedures

•LOB4: Describe the process of trial

•LOB5: Describe judgment and punishment

•LOB6: List legislation specific to medical practice and Health

•PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT: Towards developing a scientific culture

•LOB7: Explain the roles of the following in developing a scientific attitude: understanding.

thinking. description. analysis. objectivity. rationality. prudence. respecting the other opinion.

•ETHICO-LEGAL-FIQH CONCEPTS & PRINCIPLES: BASICS OF LAWS

•LOB1: Describe the national shari’at legal system: types of courts and jurisdictions as well as

enabling legislation

•THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL ETHICS: Theories of medical and

biomedical ethics

•LOB1: Explain the Islamic theory of ethics based on the 5 purposes of the Law, maqasid al

shari’at: morality, life, progeny, intellect, and resources

•LOB2: Explain the main European theories of ethics: deontology vs. teleology,

consequentialism / utilitarianism, principlism, Kantian, virtue, relationship, and casuistry,

communitarian ethics, feminist ethics, empirical.

•PROFESSIONALISM and PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT: INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT:

Character and behavior:

•LOB3: Describe the terms character, habits, and behavior

•LOB4: Explain with examples the following positive personality traits: integrity, responsibility,

courage, wisdom, patience, humility, self-restraint, modesty, simplicity, moderation, good acts,

good company, principled life, positive image.

•THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL ETHICS: Principles of medical and

biomedical ethics:

•LOB1: Explain the following Islamic ethical principles: intention, certainty, harm, hardship, and

custom.

•LOB2: Explain the ethical principles enunciated by Childress and Beauchamps: autonomy,

beneficence, nonmalefacence, and justice.

•LOB3: Explain religious approaches to ethics: Christian, Buddhist, Hindi, Jewish, Confucian

and Taoist

•LOB4: List the main provisions of the following international ethical codes: Hippocratic,

Nurenberg, Helsinki, World Medical Health Association, UNESCO Universal Declaration of

Bioethics and human rights 2005

•THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL ETHICS: Medical consent for competent

patients

•LOB1: Discuss patient autonomy: definition, legal and conceptual basis, significance in health

care, limitations, patient autonomy vs physician paternalism, second opinion, conflict between

human rights and requirements of medical treatment).

•LOB2: Discuss physician autonomy with regard to procedures against personal beliefs

•LOB3: Discuss competence / capacity: definition, conditions, and testing

•LOB4: Discuss informed consent: definition, process, and who asks?

•LOB5: Explain the scope of consent: physician choice, physician of a different gender,

consent to treatment, and refusal or treatment.

•LOB6: Discuss conditions for validity of consent: understanding, disclosure, weigh info,

voluntary, aware can refuse

•LOB7:List information for informed consent: diagnosis, prognosis, treatment alternatives, risks

and benefits

•LOB8: Discuss capacity to consent: global vs specific, tests for capacity, enhancing capacity

•PROFESSIONALISM and PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT: INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT:

Self Development and personality enhancement:

•LOB9: Describe with examples the following aspects of self improvement: commitment, effort,

learning from experience, interdependence, creativity, needs vs wants, positive attitude,

futuristic outlook, assertiveness, self confidence, self reliance, contentment.

•ETHICO-LEGAL-FIQH PRINCIPLES: issues of consent: incompetent patients

•LOB1: Discuss consent / refusal for the incompetent (young children, older children, the

mentally ill, and the unconscious).

•THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL ETHICS: Privacy and confidentiality:

•LOB1: Define and describe privacy and confidentiality

•LOB2: Explain the basis/rationale of confidentiality

•LOB3: Describe truthfulness and its role in healthcare

•LOB4: Summarize ethico-legal guidelines on disclosure

•LOB5: Describe conflict of duties regarding confidentiality and disclosure

•LOB6: Discuss special issues relating to disclosure of family or genetic information.

•LOB7: Discuss the generation and handling of medical records

•LOB8: Discuss ethico-legal aspects of disclosure to the media.

•LOB9: Discuss disclosure by doctors with dual obligations

•LOB10: Discuss guidelines for physician in court: as a witness of facts vs expert witness

•PROFESSIONALISM and PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT: INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT:

•LOB1: Discuss Intellectual development, Social development, Skill development, and

Professional development

•THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL ETHICS: Research policies and

procedures:

•LOB1: Describe the composition of an institutional research committee.

•LOB2: List the functions of an institutional research committee

•LOB3: List factors that are taken into consideration for ethical approval of a research

proposal.

•LOB4: Describe the various types of fraud in research

•LOB5: Describe ways of preventing research fraud

•THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL ETHICS: Animal research:

•LOB1: Describe the ethical handling animals before, during, and after research

•LOB2: Discuss the purposes of animal research

•LOB3: Discuss the purposes and principles of the Law in animal research

•LOB4: Discuss the relevance of animal research to humans

•LOB5: Discuss guidelines on the choice of animals for research

•PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT AND PROFESSIONALISM

•LOB1: Discuss personal beliefs and conscience in health care especially abortion,

•THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL ETHICS: Human research I:

•LOB1: Describe the history of human research: historical evolution & historical ethical

violations

•LOB2: Describe the 4 phases of a clinical trial

•LOB3: Distinguish between therapeutic and non -therapeutic research.

•LOB4: Summarize good clinical practice guidelines.

•LOB5: Discuss issues of autonomy and informed consent in research on humans

•LOB6: List the information given to patients before consent.

•LOB7: Discuss the rights of the patient to withdraw from research

•LOB8: Describe ethico-legal issues relating to material inducements for research subjects

•LOB9: Describe the assurance of confidentiality in human research

•LOB10: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research in emergency rooms.

•LOB11: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on the mentally incompetent.

•LOB12: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on children

•LOB13: Discuss ethical issues relating to inclusion of women in clinical trials

•LOB14: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on the elderly

•LOB15: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on prisoners.

•LOB16: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on students and employees

•LOB17: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on members of uniformed services,

army and police

•LOB18: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on cadavers.

•LOB19: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on biological samples, organs, and

tissues from living donors

•LOB20: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on biological samples, organs, and

tissues from dead donors

•LOB21: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on embryos

•LOB22: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on fetal tissues

•LOB23: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to record-based research

•LOB24: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to biomedical research

•LOB25: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to health services research

•BACKGROUND PHILOSOPHY and CONCEPTS: BASIC SCIENCES BACKROUND:

Creation (cosmogenesis / genesis) and afterlife (eschatology)

•LOB1: Describe various views about the start of the universe

•LOB2: Discuss how medical science reveals signs of the creator

•LOB3: Discuss the relation between creation on one hand and physical laws, order, change,

and permanence on the other hand.

•LOB4: Describe and contrast the creationist and evolutionary views of human creation

•LOB5: Describe the matter-spirit duality of human nature

•LOB6: Discuss the superiority of humans over other creations based on superior intellect and

moral values

•LOB7: Describe the mission of humans as vicegerents on the earth

•LOB8: Describe the human racial/ethnic, social, and cultural diversity and how it can affect

medical care

•LOB9: Describe the various beliefs about the afterlife and explain how they affect attitudes to

disease and to death

•LOB10: Define the concept of personhood and discuss whether there is a difference between

the start of life and the start of legal personhood.

•LOB13: Review data grouping, data tabulation, and data diagrams,

•BACKGROUND PHILOSOPHY and CONCEPTS: Transitions in the status of life:

•LOB1: Describe life: definition, nature, criteria, quality, and worth/value

•LOB2: Describe death: definition, nature, process, criteria, and attitudes