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CASE 1a:
CONCEPTUAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL BACKGROUND: religious background
LOB1. Explain the academic definition of religion based on: an object of worship, a prophet, theology, scriptures, doctrines & dogmas, rites, rituals, & ceremonies, icons or symbols, holidays, ethics and social teachings
LOB2. Explain why understanding the patient’s religious beliefs is important in medical practice.
LOB3. Discuss how specific religious concepts relate to medicine: excellence / quality, ihsan; monotheism, tauhid;, messengers and messages, risaalat;, eschatology, aakhirat; sinning, ithm; and transgression, dhulm.
LOB4. Explain how a patient’s understanding of re-determinism: qadar / taqdiir affects health-related behavior with reference to beliefs about human will, human responsibility and accountability for actions / choices, human rights and limits to individual freedom, disease (causation, prevention, and treatment), health promotion, and reconciliation between pre-determination and probability theory].
LOB5. Explain dogmas with medical implications in Buddhism and Hinduism, Confucianism and Taoism, Christianity and Judaism.
RESEARCH SKILLS: MATHEMATICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS
LOB6. Discuss the following issues with regard to the discipline of epidemiology: definition and scope; classification; importance in medicine and public health
LOB7. Explain the main features of epidemiologic methodology.
LOB8. Summarize the main ethico-legal issues that arise in epidemiologic practice.
LOB9. Discuss the following issues with regard to the discipline of biostatistics: Definition; classification; role in medicine and public health, and limitations
CASE 1b:
CONCEPTUAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL BACKGROUND: HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
LOB1: explain the terms viscegerancy, exploitation of natural resources (taskhiir), and building a physical civilization (omraan) and how they relate to health promotion, disease prevention, and environmental protection
LOB2: Explain how nutrition, health, and disease affect the rise and fall of civilizations. LOB3: List the main achievements of ancient Egyptian, Mesopotamian, Indian, Chinese, Greek, and Roman medicine
LOB4: Describe the concept Islamic medicine and explain how it has been misunderstood
LOB5: Describe Prophetic medicines: definition, sources, classification, examples, modern applications
LOB6: Describe the main forms of European traditional medicine]. Chinese TCM (theory and philosophy, history, diagnostic techniques, treatments, efficacy and safety, modernization
LOB7: Describe Chinese TCM: theory and philosophy, history, diagnostic techniques, treatments, efficacy and safety, modernization
LOB8: Describe Ayurdevic TCM: history, diagnosis, treatments, present status, scientific study
LOB9: Describe Unani TCM: historical background, humors, present status
LOB10: Briefly outline the history of modern medicine from the renaissance to the modern period
LOB11: List the advantages and disadvantages of medical practice based solely on the biomedical model.
PROFESSIONALISM and PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT
LOB12 describe the etiquette of the teachers and the etiquette of the student in a health education setting
LOB13: Describe effective time management with focus on planning, prioritization, and balance
LOB14: Describe effective methods of following group study
LOB15: describe the advantages and techniques of speed reading
LOB16: Describe factors of successful teamwork
LOB17: Explain effective approaches to motivating a medical student
LOB18: List causes of student stress and explain methods of preventing / dealing with stress.
LOB19: Describe guidelines on plagiarism.
YEAR 1 SEMESTER 1 MED PPSD CASE 2:
CONCEPTUAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL BACKGROUND: EPISTEMOLOGY
LOB1: Briefly describe the philosophy, nature, history, sources, classification, and limitations of human knowledge
LOB2: Describe the intellectual crisis created by the dichotomy between European and traditional sources of knowledge
LOB3: Describe the empirical scientific method: definition, strengths, weaknesses
LOB4: What is your view about the possibility of integration of European and traditional knowledge in the medical field: give reasons for your view.
PROFESSIONALISM and PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT: INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT
LOB5: Discuss the nature of medical education: purpose, integration, balance, service, and leadership).
LOB6: List physician rights: remuneration, professional independence, continuing medical education, refusal to undertake unethical procedures
LOB7: Discuss physician responsibilities: to self and family, to society, and to science.
CASE 3
ETHICO-LEGAL-FIQH CONCEPTS & PRINCIPLES: BASICS OF LAWS
LOB1: List the sources of Islamic Law: Qur’an, sunnat, ijma, qiyaas
LOB2: List sources of European Law: statute and common law
LOB3: List the 5 purposes of the Law: morality (din), life, progeny, intellect, and property /resources
LOB4: List the 5 principles of the Law: intention, certainty, injury, hardship, custom
LOB5: Define the various types of legal rulings
LOB6: Discuss the relation of ethics to law: the Islamic vs European perspectives
RESEARCH SKILLS
LOB7: Describe probability: definition, classification, and laws
LOB8: Classify events in relation to probability: mutuality, independence, and complementality
LOB9: Describe the uses of probability in clinical diagnosis.
LOB10: Contrast the constant and the random and explain the relationship between pre-determination and randomness in events
CASE 4
BASICS OF LAWS: The Brunei
LOB1: Describe the sources of law.
LOB2: Describe the types of courts and their respective jurisdictions
LOB3: Describe the relation between civil and criminal procedures
LOB4: Describe the process of trial
LOB5: Describe judgment and punishment
LOB6: List legislation specific to medical practice and Health
PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT: Towards developing a scientific culture
LOB7: Explain the roles of the following in developing a scientific attitude: understanding. thinking. description. analysis. objectivity. rationality. prudence. respecting the other opinion.
CASE 5
ETHICO-LEGAL-FIQH CONCEPTS & PRINCIPLES: BASICS OF LAWS
LOB1: Describe the Brunei
RESEARCH SKILLS: MATHEMATICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS: variables and distributions
LOB2: Define constants and variables with examples
LOB3: List continuous and discrete random variables and give examples
LOB4: List common discrete and continuous statistical distributions and give examples
LOB5: Define qualitative and quantitative scales and give examples
WEEK 6
THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL ETHICS: Theories of medical and biomedical ethics
LOB1: Explain the Islamic theory of ethics based on the 5 purposes of the Law, maqasid al shari’at: morality, life, progeny, intellect, and resources
LOB2: Explain the main European theories of ethics: deontology vs. teleology, consequentialism / utilitarianism, principlism, Kantian, virtue, relationship, and casuistry, communitarian ethics, feminist ethics, empirical.
PROFESSIONALISM and PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT: INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT: Character and behavior:
LOB3: Describe the terms character, habits, and behavior
LOB4: Explain with examples the following positive personality traits: integrity, responsibility, courage, wisdom, patience, humility, self-restraint, modesty, simplicity, moderation, good acts, good company, principled life, positive image.
CASE 7
THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL ETHICS: Principles of medical and biomedical ethics:
LOB1: Explain the following Islamic ethical principles: intention, certainty, harm, hardship, and custom.
LOB2: Explain the ethical principles enunciated by Childress and Beauchamps: autonomy, beneficence, nonmalefacence, and justice.
LOB3: Explain religious approaches to ethics: Christian, Buddhist, Hindi, Jewish, Confucian and Taoist
LOB4: List the main provisions of the following international ethical codes: Hippocratic, Nurenberg, Helsinki
RESEARCH SKILLS: MATHEMATICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS
LOB5: Describe the use of the hypothetico-deductive inference in the scientific method
LOB6: Define the null and alternative hypotheses
LOB7: Describe the purpose and process of testing hypotheses
LOB8: Define the concept of p value and relate it to probability concepts
LOB9: List the errors of statistical testing
LOB10: Define significance: statistical and practical.
CASE 8
THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL ETHICS: Medical consent for competent patients
LOB1: Discuss patient autonomy: definition, legal and conceptual basis, significance in health care, limitations, patient autonomy vs physician paternalism, second opinion, conflict between human rights and requirements of medical treatment).
LOB2: Discuss physician autonomy with regard to procedures against personal beliefs
LOB3: Discuss competence / capacity: definition, conditions, and testing
LOB4: Discuss informed consent: definition, process, and who asks?
LOB5: Explain the scope of consent: physician choice, physician of a different gender, consent to treatment, and refusal or treatment.
LOB6: Discuss conditions for validity of consent: understanding, disclosure, weigh info, voluntary, aware can refuse
LOB7:List information for informed consent: diagnosis, prognosis, treatment alternatives, risks and benefits
LOB8: Discuss capacity to consent: global vs specific, tests for capacity, enhancing capacity
PROFESSIONALISM and PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT: INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT: Self Development and personality enhancement:
LOB9: Describe with examples the following aspects of self improvement: commitment, effort, learning from experience, interdependence, creativity, needs vs wants, positive attitude, futuristic outlook, assertiveness, self confidence, self reliance, contentment.
YEAR 1 SEMESTER 1 MED PPSD CASE 9
ETHICO-LEGAL-FIQH PRINCIPLES: issues of consent: incompetent patients
LOB1: Discuss consent / refusal for the incompetent (young children, older children, the mentally ill, and the unconscious).
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RESEARCH SKILLS
LOB2: Define and illustrate incidence number and incidence rate (IR)
LOB3: Define and illustrate Prevalence (P): point and period prevalence
LOB4: Define and illustrate cumulative incidence (CI)
LOB5: Explain the relation between relation Incidence Rate and Prevalence
CASE 10
THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL ETHICS: Privacy and confidentiality:
LOB1: Define and describe privacy and confidentiality
LOB2: Explain the basis/rationale of confidentiality
LOB3: Describe truthfulness and its role in healthcare
LOB4: Summarize ethico-legal guidelines on disclosure
LOB5: Describe conflict of duties regarding confidentiality and disclosure
LOB6: Discuss special issues relating to disclosure of family or genetic information.
LOB7: Discuss the generation and handling of medical records
LOB8: Discuss ethico-legal aspects of disclosure to the media.
LOB9: Discuss disclosure by doctors with dual obligations
LOB10: Discuss guidelines for physician in court: as a witness of facts vs expert witness
PROFESSIONALISM and PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT: INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT:
LOB11: Discuss Intellectual development, Social development, Skill development, and Professional development
CASE 11
THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL ETHICS: Research policies and procedures:
LOB1: Describe the composition of an institutional research committee.
LOB2: List the functions of an institutional research committee
LOB3: List factors that are taken into consideration for ethical approval of a research proposal.
LOB4: Describe the various types of fraud in research
LOB5: Describe ways of preventing research fraud
RESEARCH SKILLS: MATHEMATICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS
LOB6: Discuss critical reading of scientific literature
CASE 12
THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL ETHICS: Animal research:
LOB1: Describe the ethical handling animals before, during, and after research
LOB2: Discuss the purposes of animal research
LOB3: Discuss the purposes and principles of the Law in animal research
LOB4: Discuss the relevance of animal research to humans
LOB5: Discuss guidelines on the choice of animals for research
PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT AND PROFESSIONALISM
LOB6: Discuss personal beliefs and conscience in health care especially abortion,
CASE 13
THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL ETHICS: Human research I: LOB1: Describe the history of human research: historical evolution & historical ethical violations
LOB2: Describe the 4 phases of a clinical trial
LOB3: Distinguish between therapeutic and non -therapeutic research.
LOB4: Summarize good clinical practice guidelines.
LOB5: Discuss issues of autonomy and informed consent in research on humans
LOB6: List the information given to patients before consent.
LOB7: Discuss the rights of the patient to withdraw from research
LOB8: Describe ethico-legal issues relating to material inducements for research subjects
LOB9: Describe the assurance of confidentiality in human research
LOB10: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research in emergency rooms.
LOB11: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on the mentally incompetent.
LOB12: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on children
LOB13: Discuss ethical issues relating to inclusion of women in clinical trials
LOB14: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on the elderly
LOB15: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on prisoners.
LOB16: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on students and employees
LOB17: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on members of uniformed services, army and police
LOB18: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on cadavers.
LOB19: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on biological samples, organs, and tissues from living donors
LOB20: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on biological samples, organs, and tissues from dead donors
LOB21: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on embryos
LOB22: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to research on fetal tissues
LOB23: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to record-based research
LOB24: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to biomedical research
LOB25: Discuss ethico-legal issues relating to health services research
RESEARCH SKILLS: MATHEMATICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS
LOB26: Describe the writing of scientific literature