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0803P - EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF TRAINING ON KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF MEDICAL ETHICS AMONG NURSES

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Abstract

The paper reports results of an assessment of knowledge and practice of medical ethics among nurses in a public hospital before and after an intervention which consisted of a training workshop on medical ethics and provision of reading material on ethics. The results of the study were to be used to formulate policies on ethical training for healthcare workers. The questionnaire used had been employed previously in research on ethics [1]. Respondents were presented with case scenarios. They were asked to choose the best among 3-4 approaches to resolving the ethical problem(s) in each scenario. The questionnaire was administered a few hours before the workshop on ethics. The participants were asked to complete the same questionnaire within 1 month of the ethics workshop. To make sure that responders gave honest answers, no personal identifiers were included on the questionnaires. They were however asked to invent a code of their own and write that code on the pre and post-intervention questionnaires to enable linkage between the pre and post questionnaires. The investigators would not know to whom the codes belonged. Data was key-punched and analyzed using the SPSS program. Data analysis focused on estimating the proportion of participants who changed responses to the scenarios after the ethics training workshop. There was no interest in studying whether the responses were correct or not. Pre- and post intervention responses were compared and coded as ‘change’ or ‘no change’. The frequencies, proportions (percentages), and binomial 95% confidence intervals were calculated using Stata/IC 10.0. The degree of change for each question was graded as ‘little’ for changes in <10% of respondents, ‘some’ for 10 to <30%, ‘moderate’ for 30 to <50% and ‘great’ for 50% and above. Eighty two out of the 83 nurses who attended the workshop returned both the pre- and post-intervention questionnaires. The percentage of respondents who changed their responses to questions after the intervention ranged from 15.5% to 56.5%. On average of 37.4% and 29.2% of respondents changed in Islamic questions and general questions respectively. The most changed five questions are Islamic questions in the aspects of ‘animal research’ (56.5%), ‘life support’ (43.2%), ‘euthanasia’ (42.2%), ‘halal medicine’ (40%), and ‘needles to addicts’ (39.1%). The conclusion from the study is that there were considerable changes in response to questions after the intervention and greater changes were observed in the Islamic questions than in the general questions. It is recommended, after further studies to corroborate this finding, that teaching of medical ethics should consider the religious medium because it seems to have a bigger impact on the trainees.

Key words: nurses ethics training
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1. Naznin Muhammad et al. The impact of the teaching of medical ethics in the medical and allied health sciences curriculum in International Islamic University Malaysia. Paper being submitted to the International Medical Journal (personal communication)


Table 1: Respondents change in response after the intervention
Question
n
Freq.a
%
(95% CI)b
Change
Q1
 46
18
39.1
(25.1,
54.6)
Moderate
Q2
 45
8
17.8
(  8.0,
32.1)
Some
Q3
 46
18
39.1
(25.1,
54.6)
Moderate
Q4
 45
21
46.7
(31.7,
62.1)
Moderate
Q5
 46
11
23.9
(12.6,
38.8)
Some
Q6
 45
7
15.6
(  6.5,
29.5)
Some
Q7
 46
8
17.4
(  7.8,
31.4)
Some
Q8
 44
9
20.5
(  9.8,
35.3)
Some
Q9
 45
12
26.7
(14.6,
41.9)
Some
Q10
 46
15
32.6
(19.5,
48.0)
Moderate
Q11
 45
11
24.4
(12.9,
39.5)
Some
Q12
 46
16
34.8
(21.4,
50.2)
Moderate
Q13
 45
13
28.9
(16.4,
44.3)
Some
Q14
 45
16
35.6
(21.9,
51.2)
Moderate
Q15
 44
15
34.1
(20.5,
49.9)
Moderate
Q16
 45
13
28.9
(16.4,
44.3)
Some
Q17
 45
12
26.7
(14.6,
41.9)
Some
Q18
 45
10
22.2
(11.2,
37.1)
Some
Q19
 40
16
40.0
(24.9,
56.7)
Moderate
Q20
 46
21
45.7
(30.9,
61.0)
Moderate
Q21
 46
21
45.7
(30.9,
61.0)
Moderate
Q22
 42
22
52.4
(36.4,
68.0)
Great
Q23
 46
26
56.5
(41.1,
71.1)
Great
Q24
 45
15
33.3
(20.0,
49.0)
Moderate
Q25
 46
10
21.7
(10.9,
36.4)
Some
Q26
 46
13
28.3
(16.0,
43.5)
Some
Q27
 45
15
33.3
(20.0,
49.0)
Moderate
Q28
 46
22
47.8
(32.9,
63.1)
Moderate
Q29
 46
12
26.1
(14.3,
41.1)
Some
Q30
 45
14
31.1
(18.2,
46.6)
Moderate
Q31
 44
20
45.5
(30.4,
61.2)
Moderate
Q32
 44
11
25.0
(13.2,
40.3)
Some
Q33
 45
21
46.7
(31.7,
62.1)
Moderate
Q34
 45
22
48.9
(33.7,
64.2)
Moderate
Q35
 44
19
43.2
(28.3,
59.0)
Moderate
Q36
 45
11
24.4
(12.9,
39.5)
Some
Q37
 45
8
17.8
(  8.0,
32.1)
Some
Q38
 44
16
36.4
(22.4,
52.2)
Moderate
Q39
 45
19
42.2
(27.7,
57.8)
Moderate
Q40
 43
14
32.6
(19.1,
48.5)
Moderate
a Number of participants change in their response after the intervention
b Binomial exact confidence interval
Note: <10%=Little change; 10% to <30%=Some change;
          30% to <50%=Moderate change; 50% & above =Great change.